Mission Statement & Bylaws

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Mission Statement:

The New Plimmoth Gard is a group of historical reenactors portraying the culture and militia of Plymouth Colony circa 1621-1646.  Our aim is to promote knowledge and understanding of early colonial society and the importance of military preparedness.  We do this through historically accurate demonstrations of military and domestic arts of the early Plymouth Colony, for the education of the members and general public.

Constitution/Bylaws of the New Plimmoth Gard

Article 1 – Name, Purpose, Offices, and Fiscal Year

Section 1.1.  Name.  The name of this organization shall be the New Plimmoth Gard (NPG)

Section 1.2.  Purpose.  NPG is a group of historical reenactors portraying the culture and militia of Plymouth Colony circa 1621-1646.  Our aim is to promote knowledge and understanding of early colonial society and the importance of military preparedness.  We do this through historically accurate demonstrations of military and domestic arts of the early Plymouth Colony, for the education of the members and general public.

Section 1.3. Offices.  The mailing address and home office of NPG shall be at the address of the Captain unless changed by the membership.

Section 1.4. Fiscal Year.  The fiscal year of the NPG shall begin on the 1st day of February in each year and end January 31 of the following year.

Article 2 – Meetings Generally

Section 2.1. Conduct of Meetings.  Meetings may be conducted in the manner directed by the officer who is presiding over the meeting.  When necessary, those presiding at the meeting may invoke Roberts Rules of Order.

Section 2.2.  Membership Meetings

(A)        Regular Meetings of the Members.  Regular meetings of the members of the NPG shall be held at such time and place as the Officers shall determine by resolution. The Annual Meeting of the members of the NPG shall take place at least once during each calendar year and shall be held within the month of January each year.
(B) Quorum.  A quorum shall be attained by a majority of the members of the NPG who are in good standing and entitled to vote at the meeting.
 (C)        Place of Meeting of the Members.  Meetings of the members of the NPG may be held at such place as the officers may from time to time appoint or as may be designated in the notice of the meeting.
(D)        Organization of Meetings of the Members.   At every meeting of the NPG, the Captain or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the Captain, who ever is next in command shall act as chair of the meeting.

Article 3 – Notice, Waivers, Meetings Generally

Section 3.1 Manner of Giving Notice.  Notices of meetings and events shall be distributed by email in a timely a manner.

Section 3.2.  Notice of Annual Meeting.

(A) General Rule.  Notice of the annual meeting and regular meetings of the NPG shall be given at least ten (10) days before the time at which the meeting is to be held.  Notice of every special meeting of the NPG in writing/email at least five (5) days before the time at which the meeting is to be held.  Every such notice shall state the time and place of the meeting.

(B) Notice of Action by Officers on By-laws.  In the case of a meeting of the Officers or members that has as one of its purposes action on the By-laws, written notice shall be given to each member that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to consider the adoption, amendment or repeal of the By-laws.  There shall be included in, or enclosed with, the notice a copy of the proposed amendment or a summary of the changes to be effected thereby.

Article 4 – Officers

Section 4.01. Officers Generally

(A)       Number, Qualifications and Designation. The elected officers of the organization shall be:

· The Captain

· Any number of Lieutenants, Sergeants, and Ensigns as deemed appropriate by the membership. The Captain shall assign specific duties to the Lieutenants, Sergeants, and Ensigns 

· Two Clerks of the Band, one to act as Secretary and the other as Treasurer

· Any other special officers as deemed appropriate by the membership 

(B)        Resignation.  Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the membership of the NPG.  The resignation shall be effective upon receipt thereof by the membership or at such subsequent time as may be specified in the notice of resignation.

Section 4.02. Election and Term of Office.  The officers of the organization shall be elected annually by the members of the NPG who are entitled to vote, and each such officer shall hold office for a term of one year and until a successor has been selected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.  There are no limits set to the number of terms a member may serve in any capacity as an officer.

Section 4.03. Subordinate Officers and Agents.  The Officers may from time to time elect/appoint such other officers, committees, members or other agents as needed.

Section 4.04. Removal of Officers and Agents.  Any officer or agent of the organization may be removed by a 2/3 vote of the membership in good standing, for verified cause.

Section 4.05. Vacancies.  A vacancy in any office shall be filled by the remaining Officers or committee to which the power to fill such office has been delegated pursuant to Section 4.03, as the case may be, and if the office is one for which these By-laws prescribe a term, shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term.  The appointed officer may then be reelected at the annual meeting of membership.

Section 4.06. The Captain.  The Captain of the NPG shall attend and chair all membership meetings.  The Captain shall have general supervision over the business and operations of the organization.  The Captain shall sign, execute, and acknowledge, in the name of the organization, contracts or other instruments in support of NPG activities.

• Specific Duties of the Captain.

(1)         Represent the organization and sign all legal documents.
(2)         Preside at all meetings.
(3)         Have the right to chair or sit on or in all committees.
(4)         Conduct the business and set the event schedule of the organization.
(5)         Supervise the members, officers, and activities of the organization.
(6)         Is first in command of the reenactment units.
(7)         When absent from an event, the Captain will appoint an officer to command, or a full member if no officer is available.

(8)         Be listed on all NPG bank accounts.
(9)         Assist the membership in historical authenticity.
(10)       Assign duties to members during re-enactment exercises
(11)         Grant or accept applications for membership, and give out copies of drills, rules, etc. needed for company they are joining.
(12)       Keep the unit apprised on probationary member’s progress toward full membership.

Section 4.07. Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the organization, record all the votes of the Membership, and keep the minutes of the meetings of the organization in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; shall see that notices are given and records and reports are properly kept and filed by the organization as required by law.  Responsible for keeping up to date, and keeping all past records there of, of legal documentation.

Section 4.8. Treasurer.  The Treasurer shall have or provide for the custody of the funds of the organization; shall collect and receive or provide for the collection and receipt of moneys earned by or in any manner due to or received by the organization; shall deposit all funds in his or her custody as Treasurer in such banks or other places of deposit; shall render an account showing all transactions as Treasurer and the financial condition of the organization; and, in general, shall discharge such other duties as may from time to time be assigned by the Captain.

• Specific Duties of the Treasurer.

(1)        Authorized to provide funds requested by the Captain to pay bills incurred in the performance of their duties.
(2)        Will provide for reimbursement of expenses upon receipt of proof of expense.
(3)        Will give a report on the organization’s finances at the annual meeting

Article 5 – Membership

Section 5.01. Membership Qualifications.  Membership shall be open to any person who is a minimum of eighteen (18) years of age who is interested in the history of the 17th Century English Colony at Plymouth, and is willing to conform to the purpose, objectives, traditions, authenticity and the By-laws of the NPG. No person or persons shall be denied membership in the NPG based on age, sex, race, creed, physical limitation or national origin.  Only those full and provisional members over eighteen (18) may carry weapons.  All members of any level must be current with individual or group liability insurance, or any such program as adopted by the officers or membership.  In addition the NPG will charge a one time fee of $50 for each full member to be paid directly to the Treasurer.  These funds shall be unencumbered.

Section 5.02. Procedure for Membership.

• Prospective members of the NPG must obtain the sponsorship of a current Full Member in good standing. This sponsor will introduce the prospect to membership.
• The membership will interview the prospective member. If accepted this person will become a probationary member for one year  from that date. If rejected the prospect may reapply after a 1 year period.
• At the end of the one year probationary period, and  after successfully meeting all requirements of membership a vote will be taken to accept this prospect as a full member or dismiss this prospect. If a prospect shall be dismissed by this vote they will no longer be eligible for membership in the future.

Section 5.03. Membership Classes

• Full Member.      A full member in good standing is one who has completed probationary membership, has read and agrees to uphold and follow the By-laws of NPG,  has been voted a full member subject to other conditions of membership as      defined in the By-laws, has paid all fees, is not under disciplinary action as defined by the By-laws and has been accepted for full membership by an affirmative majority vote of the members present who are entitled to vote at any regular or special meeting called for such purpose.
• Probationary Member Vote. After one year the members will vote on the probationary member’s status at the next Membership Meeting pursuant to      Section 5.02.
• Right of Refusal of Membership. The membership has the right to refuse to promote the probationary member to full membership.  No reason need be given for such refusal.
• Acceptance to Full Membership. If accepted for full membership, the membership shall      be effective immediately with all benefits, duties, obligations and privileges associated with full membership as provided in the By-laws.
• Privileges of Full Membership. A full member shall be permitted to hold elected office, nominate for offices, second nominations for offices, vote in elections for offices, vote for fundamental changes to the By-laws, chair or sit on any committee, attend and vote on any disciplinary actions, or act in the capacity of an advisor.  These privileges are contingent upon being a full member in good standing.
• Full Member in Good Standing. A full member in good standing shall have all dues,      fees, and assessments paid, and are not currently subject to disciplinary action.
• Removal from Good Standing. A full member in good standing may be removed from good standing for failure to pay any dues, fees, or assessments as required or for other reason as may be set forth in these By-laws.
• Restriction of Reduction to Probationary Member Status. A full member may not be reduced to probationary membership or applicant status
• Probationary Membership. A probationary member is one who has applied for probationary membership in the NPG, agrees to read, uphold, abide by and follow the By-laws of the organization, and has paid all dues, fees and assessments, and  individual or group liability insurance or any such program as adopted by the officers or membership, but has not been accepted for full membership.
• Associate Members.      An associate member is one who is under eighteen (18) years of age and who is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian who is a probationary or full member.  The spouse/partner of a full member may also be considered an Associate member.  The Associate Member must be in the correct dress.  The probationary member or full member shall assume all responsibility for the actions, discipline and well being of the associate member. Associate members have no other privileges of membership other than the privilege of attending and participating in scheduled events.  Associate members do not pay dues nor can they be assessed for other fees or assessments.  Associate members must be part of the probationary or full member’s family individual liability insurance, or any such program as adopted by the officers or membership.
• Inactive Members Any full member who does not participate in any events during a year can be made an inactive member by the Captain or officers. An inactive member has all the rights and responsibilities of a full member except the right to vote.  Once an inactive member participates in any organization function, that member will immediately become a full member again.

Section 5.04. Denial of Membership and Discipline.  The organization has the right to deny membership to any person, issue an order to cease and desist activities, censor, counsel, issue an oral or a written reprimand, require financial restitution, fine, ban from holding future offices or to suspend, expel or otherwise discipline any member in any appropriate manner or action or combination of actions thereof deemed necessary by the membership.

Section 5.05. Dues, Fees and Assessments.  The members shall pay dues, fees and assessments as governed by the By-laws of the organization.  A one time membership fee of $50 shall be payable before or at the time of achieving full membership.

• Additionally, every member, full, prospective or associative, must have individual or group liability insurance or any such program as adopted by the officers or membership. Due to the nature of the insurance activated, any member that has not paid these liability insurance fees will temporarily be suspended from NPG membership until such time as these dues are paid and posted.
• By vote of the membership the organization may levy dues or assessments, or both, on the members. Such dues or assessments may be imposed upon all members of the same class either alike or in different amounts or proportions, and upon a different basis upon different classes of members.

Section 5.06. Resignation.  Any member may resign his membership in the NPG at any time.  Such resignation shall be made in writing/email and submitted to an officer.  The member shall not be entitled to a refund of any dues or assessments paid to the organization. Upon rejoining the NPG, the past member must first go through the probationary period.

Article 6 – Discipline

Section 6.01. Corrections.  Any officer of the NPG may issue a verbal correction at any time.  Any officer may order any member who he deems to be acting in an unsafe manner from the exercise and order him not to return until the problem is corrected.  The Commander or the designated field commander may order any member to cease participation at any exercise and to eject that person from the exercise for good cause.

Section 6.02.  Suspension and/or Expulsion.  The Captain, an elected officer or the membership may move to have a meeting for the suspension or expulsion of a member.

• Notice.      Written/email notice of the meeting shall be given by, or at the direction of, the Secretary or other authorized person to each member of record entitled to vote at such meeting at least five (5) days prior to the meeting and to the disciplined member.  The notice shall specify the general nature of the business to be transacted.
• Disciplinary Meeting.      The disciplined member is required to attend the meeting or they may be suspended or expelled from membership without recourse.  The meeting shall be considered an executive session and only full members in good standing may be present for the meeting and/or deliberation and/or finding of decision.  Any elected officer of the organization may preside at the meeting.  The disciplined member(s) are permitted to call witnesses to speak on their behalf.  The Organization may call witnesses on its behalf. Any full member in good standing who      is present may question the disciplined member(s).
• Voting.      The membership may use any manner of voting as agreed upon by them to reach a decision.
• Reinstatement.      Upon the completion of a suspension, a review of the conditions of suspension and its completion shall be done at a meeting by the membership. A vote will be taken to reinstate the disciplined member(s) to full membership in good standing or give cause as to the retention of suspension or expulsion.
• Expulsion.      A decision for expulsion will take effect immediately.  Expulsion results in the immediate termination of membership in the NPG.
• Miscellaneous.      Any decisions made by the membership shall be final.  A member on suspension shall continue to pay all dues, fees and assessments as required.  Failure to timely pay such dues, fees or assessments shall result in termination of membership.  No dues, fees or assessments shall be refunded due to expulsion.  Any property belonging to the NPG and in possession of the disciplined member must be turned in to the NPG immediately if the disciplined member is suspended or expelled or be legally liable for the property.

Section 6.03. Voting in Disciplinary Actions.  Any member(s) who is brought before a disciplinary meeting may not deliberate or vote to reach a decision in any disciplinary action.

Section 6.04. Causes for Disciplinary Action.  Causes for disciplinary action shall include, but is not limited to:

• Obscene, irresponsible, abusive or inappropriate behavior causing a disgrace to the organization;
• Actions causing danger to themselves or other members of the NPG, the public or host event personnel;
• Excessive, obscene, abusive, irresponsible, inappropriate, or abusive language anytime during an event or to direct such language to another member or other party;
• Excessive use of alcohol leading to the disgrace of the organization;
• Use or possession of any Federally illegal drugs, drug paraphernalia or controlled substances unless prescribed by a medical doctor;
• Abuse or destruction of NPG, division or other members equipment or property;
• Abuse or destruction of an event host’s personnel equipment, structure or site;
• Theft of NPG, other members or event host’s funds, property, equipment or personal property.

Article 7 – Miscellaneous

Section 7.01. Checks.  The Captain and the Treasurer are authorized to sign checks written from the account of NPG.

Section 7.02. Deposits.  All funds of the Organization shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the organization in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the officers may approve or designate.

Section 7.03. Amendment of the By-laws.  The By-laws of the organization may be amended or repealed, or new By-laws may be adopted by vote of a two-thirds (2/3) majority of the entire membership who are entitled to vote at any regular or special meeting called for that purpose. Any change in these By-laws shall take effect when adopted unless otherwise provided in the resolution effecting the change.  Amendments to the By-laws may be proposed by any full member in good standing

Section 7.04. Standing Orders.  The officers may establish standard operating procedures for the conduct of its business and the safety of the membership and public.  Such standing operating procedures may be amended as needed by the officers without amendment to the By-laws.  Such standard operating procedures may be referred to in an appendix to this document.  Such standard operating procedures shall not conflict with these By-laws.

Article 8 – Events

Section 8.01 Member

• All dressed members must dress according to organization standards to be found in an appendix to this document
• Each member should notify the Captain as soon as possible if he/she will be attending an event.
• When at an event, members must notify the officer in charge of their whereabouts at all times.
• Members will be expected to perform their assigned camp duties. 
• If the organization requests a member to bring special equipment for demonstration and an extra cost is incurred, the extra expenses will be born by the organization if so requested by the member.

Section 8.02 Event

• All segments of all programs will first be approved by the officer in charge before being presented.
• If the organization requests a member to bring special equipment, items or demonstrations, these become part of the NPG’s demonstration for that event. The NPG is responsible to help with said equipment, items or demonstration if needed.

Section 8.03 Weapons

• The Officers of NPG will set and enforce all safety rules standards to be found in Attachment A to this document as The New Plimmoth Gard Safety Manual.
• No firearms may be discharged without permission of the officer in charge.
• The following will prevent a member from participating in a tactical held at an event: 
  • Gun is too dirty from previous firings. Officer in charge will decide.
  • Member does not have a cleaning pick.
  • Member does not have enough blank rounds.

Attachment A

New Plimmoth Gard Safety Manual

The Mayflower Compact established the right to:

“Combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid: And by Virtue hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Officers, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general Good of the Colony”

Similarly, New Plimmoth Gard establishes the following Safety Rules and Practices for 17thcentury reenacting. This document is intended to be used as a stand-alone reference and set of rules. 

1. Overall Rules -all weapons

     a. When performing public interaction keep control of your weapons at all times.

          i. For a musket, people often ask if they can judge the weight. You may allow an ADULT to hold the piece if you keep one hand on the barrel.

          ii. For a sword you may draw it to show the whole weapon but do not allow anyone to hold it.

          iii. If the sword is sharpened do not withdraw from the scabbard with any of the public within 5 feet.

     b. If weapons are on site but not on your person, ensure a visitor cannot get easy access to them.

2. Musketry

     a. Musket Ignition

          i. Musket loads shall be black powder in a paper cartridge.

          ii. Smokeless powder shall not be used, anyone with smokeless shall be removed from 

             the event.

          iii. Bandoleer bottles will not contain any powder either as primer or main charge.

          iv. Priming powder should be in a separate flask or bottle intended for priming use.

          v. Powder grades for the main charge and primer shall be based on available grades. 

             Generally, primer would be a finer grade than the main charge.

          vi. Charge load may be between 80 to 100 grains.

     b. Musket Condition and configuration

          i. Muskets may be matchlock, wheellock, snaphance, or doglock configuration. They 

            should be in a style in use in the 1580 to 1650 period.

          ii. Muskets shall be inspected at the beginning of any event where musket fire is planned.

          iii. The Safety Officer or Sargent shall perform such inspection with the unit in line 

               formation. The points of inspection are:

               1. The piece is clean and free of major rust especially at the breech plug.

               2. Sounding the tube to assure no load is in the barrel.

               3. The pan cover on a matchlock or snaphance or the frizzen to pan joint on a doglock

                    is tight enough to assure that powder remains in the pan.

               4. For a matchlock the pan cover does not easily open when the piece is rotated about

                   the long axis.

               5. No appreciable gap between the pan to barrel at the vent.

               6. The vent is clear and user has a vent pick as part of their gear.

               7. The serpent on a matchlock can securely hold the match in use

               8. The lock functions normally.

     c. Musket Loading and Firing

          i. Musket loading shall be a 17th C drill manual accepted by the unit.

          ii. When pouring powder down the barrel, keep muzzle away from your face or body, and 

             away from others in the vicinity.

          iii. Keep the hands and fingers clear of the muzzle.

          iv. No wadding of muskets or pistols is allowed.

          v. Vent picks should be used at frequent intervals to clean the vent to assure good ignition.

          vi. Be sure the match in a matchlock or flint in a flintlock is securely held by the jaws of the

             cock or serpent.

          vii. Ramrods will be used at the order or the officer in charge (OIC) of the firing line.

              They shall not be used in a tactical exercise or on the march in a parade.

          viii. During a firing exercise if you think the weapon has more than one load in the muzzle 

              DO NOT fire. Bring the musket to the shoulder position. Wait for the opportunity to 

              drop the charge with the OIC’s permission.

          ix. Open powder containers are prohibited at all times.

          x. Always keep the muzzle elevated when firing.

          xi. If the main charge does not ignite, call “Misfire’ and await OIC’s instructions.

          xii. The area down range of the firing line shall be clear of people or animals for at least 50

              feet. Non-firing personnel shall be designated to picket the area.

3. Reenacting force on force simulated combat commonly called Tacticals shall follow the

    guidelines provided in Appendix A.

4. Edged Weapons

     a. Swords shall be sheathed except in the following conditions:

          i. Officers commanding in the field and using the weapon as a tool of command. Care will 

            be taken not brandish the weapon at or near an individual or pointed at one.

          ii. Officers on parade. Care must be taken to hold the sword in a secure manner, especially 

            when using it to salute.

          iii. Pikemen in the ‘charge pike for horse’ position.

     b. Halberds, partisans, pikes;

          i. Command pole arms should not be brandished or pointed at or near an individual in the 

            same manner as swords.

          ii. A halberd or other pole arm may be used to align a group in formation or on the march.

          iii. Pikes if tipped with a blade shall be sheathed when not being used in a

            pike demonstration. 

          iv. Pikes must be sheathed if performing in a ‘push of pike’.

          v. Hatchets, tomahawks are not considered for use as an appropriate side arm for this

             period reenacted.

          vi. Hatchets or hawks used as a camp tool shall be sheathed when not in use.

          vii. Knives and sharp-edged kitchen tools shall be kept in a safe area and sheathed if

              appropriate. Take precautions to minimize accidents.

5. Edged Weapon Demonstrations

     a. Sword demos

          i. Cutting demos shall be in a roped off space to serve as an arena and to keep bystanders

             at a safe distance.

          ii. Targets may be any non-flesh object placed near the center of the demo space.

          iii. The demo space should be at least 4 sword lengths wide by 4 sword lengths long to

              have sufficient space to fully swing the weapon.

          iv. The wielder shall consider using a sword knot or similar device to ensure the sword

              does not fly from the hand.

     b. Sword Training

          i. Training in sword manual of arms or fencing positions shall be under the direction of

             the sword master, as person who by experience and training is recognized as proficient

             in sword handling.

          ii. Group or individual training shall be in a space sufficient to allow safe movement of user

              and blade. A roped off area similar to 4.a.i, above is appropriate.

     c. Fencing/Stage Combat shall only be performed by individuals trained and experienced in

         this activity.

          i. Non-sharp/blunted blades are to be used

          ii. Rules of such combat will be published when needed.

          iii. See Appendix B

Appendices

     A. Rules for Tactical Battles

     B. Rules for Sword Dueling

Appendix A 

RULES FOR TACTICAL BATTLES

1) All Officers and NCOs are responsible for their troops at all times while on the field. It is also the responsibility of all Commanders to fully acquaint their men with the rules.

2) All battle participants should be armed with weapons appropriate to the period, and be familiar with the working of those weapons. Safety training is required for all troops.

3) In order to present a historically correct appearance, Officers and NCOs should be familiar with at least one of the common drill manuals of the period. Movement of troops on the field should conform to period style, and commands given should be of the correct style.

4) Push of Pike will be done with the pikes in the “Charge” position. Each unit will advance slowly until there is approximately 2 feet of overlap on the pike points. This should provide a gap of about 6 feet from the point to the opposing front rank. At the command “Fall On”, Pikemen will push their pikes downward or to the side, NEVER in a forward motion. This “fencing” with the pike points will be the ONLY contact of pike units in this style of push.

5) Under certain circumstances, with the agreement of all involved, the “English” pike push may be used. In this style, the blocks will approach each other with their pikes in the “Port” position. When they are within arm’s reach of each other, the command “Fall On” will be given. At this time, the units will push against each other until one falls apart or gives way, in the manner of a rugby scrum. Great care should be exercised to avoid the trampling of fallen troops.

6) No matter which style of pike push is used, the Officer in charge of the block should be at the front of the block, off to one side. From this position, he will be able to see the distance from the opposing block, the position of the pike points, and the rate of closure. The Officer in charge will not be considered a target or tagged as a casualty when in charge of his block on the field. This is purely for safety reasons.

7) Musketeers will fight as blocks or as small detachments in “Forlorn Hopes”. A few musketeers may be detached for use as sharpshooters or marksmen.

8) The Officer in charge of the musket block will be responsible for making sure that the targets are at a safe range of not less than 30 feet. Whenever possible within the context of the battle, he will call the loading drill by detailed command. He must see that ramrods are not used when loading by mode of battle, and must be aware of misfires and other loading problems. Should a large number of muskets misfire in a volley, the Officer must withdraw the unit and clear the loaded weapons before resuming the battle.

9) A lighter than normal load is suggested for tactical demonstrations. The load shall not be wadded.

10) It is the responsibility of the battle sponsors to provide an adequate number of marshals for each battle. These marshals shall be dressed in such a manner that they will not be distinguishable from the rest of the battle participants. They shall also be provided with information on the battle and the rules so that they can judge the action and keep it safe, stopping the battle if needed.

11)All participating units must take their casualties as determined in the table. NCOs should be able to tag members of their own units to be casualties as needed. Units seen to be not taking casualties as required should be pointed out to the marshals, and damage inflicted by these units should be ignored.

12)These tactical rules are based on re-enactment style combat and not on actual physical contact. Safety is the primary objective and the battles should be won by the tactical knowledge of the Officers and NCOs. The troops will win by following the orders of their commanders and the units that follow well and quickly will gain the victory.

13)Victory conditions will vary greatly depending on the type of battle, the objective, the terrain, and whether it is an open ended tactical or a scripted battle. The sponsor of each battle must make the victory conditions and objectives readily available to all units well in advance of the battle.

TABLE

Pike vs. Pike — equal numbers — standoff — both withdraw

Pike vs. Pike — unequal numbers — smaller unit withdraw — 10% casualties

Pike vs. Pike with Shot support — pike withdraws — 25% casualties

Pike vs. Shot — equal numbers — both withdraw — pike takes 10% casualties

Pike vs. Shot — more pike — shot withdraws

Pike vs. Shot — Shot outnumbered 2-1 — shot withdraws — 10% casualties

Shot vs. Shot — equal numbers — both withdraw — both take 10% casualties

Shot vs. Shot — unequal numbers — smaller unit withdraw — 25% casualties

Appendix B

RULES for SWORD DUELS OR STAGE COMBAT

Later when we have people foolish enough to try this.